财经双语、财经双语主持人杨颖
The Federal Reserve left its benchmark interest rate on hold again, at a range of between 5.25% and 5.5%. Inflation has slowed, but uncertainty remains over the sell-off in the bond market, the oil price and the tight labour market. The central bank left the door open to a rate rise at its next meeting in December.
美联储再次维持其基准利率不变，介于5.25%和5.5%之间。通胀已经放缓，但仍存在关于债券市场抛售、油价和紧缩劳动力市场的不确定性。美联储暗示下次会议可能会加息，时间在十二月。
America's stockmarkets all lost ground in October, the third consecutive month of declines and the longest losing streak since the start of the covid-19 pandemic in 2020. The S&P 500 slid by 2.2% during the month, the NASDAQ composite by 2.8% and the Dow Jones industrial average by1.4%. Investors are adapting to a world of higher interest rates, which reduce the pre sent value of future earnings.
美国股市在十月份连续第三个月下跌，自2020年疫情爆发以来的最长连续下跌期。标普500指数在这个月下跌了2.2%，纳斯达克综合指数下跌了2.8%，道琼斯工业平均指数下跌了1.4%。投资者正在适应高利率的世界，这会降低未来收益的现值。
The Bank of Japan relaxed its policy of capping long-term interest rates for the second time in three months. It will now allow the yield on ten year Japanese government bonds to rise above 1%, treat ing this level as "a reference" rather than a strict ceiling. Ueda Kazuo, the bank's governor, attributed the deci sion to the sharp rise in American Treasury yields. The BOJ remains the world's only central bank to have a negative policy interest rate, of -0.1%.
日本银行在三个月内第二次放宽了对长期利率的限制政策。它现在允许十年期日本政府债券的收益率超过1%，将其视为“一个参考”而不是严格的上限。日本银行的行长上田和夫归因于美国国债收益率的急剧上升。日本银行仍然是世界上唯一拥有负利率政策的中央银行，利率为-0.1%。
The euro area's GDP grew by just 0.1% in the third quarter, year on year. Over the previous three months it shrank by 0.1%, dragged down by Germany's economy, which also contracted by 0.1%. That was in part a result of reduced house hold spending, but also of subdued global demand for Germany's industrial goods. There was also some good news for the currency bloc, though. Annual inflation tumbled to 2.9% in October, from 4.3% in September.
欧元区的GDP在第三季度同比仅增长0.1%。在之前的三个月里，它下降了0.1%，主要是由于德国经济的下滑，也下降了0.1%。这在一定程度上是由于家庭支出的减少，以及对德国工业品的全球需求不旺盛。然而，对于货币区来说也有一些好消息。十月份的年度通货膨胀率从九月的4.3%下降到2.9%。
China's manufacturing industry contracted again in October, according to the official purchasing-managers' index. On that measure manufacturing has shrunk in six of the past seven months.
中国制造业在十月份再次收缩，根据官方采购经理人指数。根据这个指数，制造业在过去七个月中有六个月处于收缩状态。
The United Auto Workers union ended its six-week strike after reaching pay deals with Ford, General Motors and Stellantis, the parent company of Fiat-Chrysler. All three Detroit carmakers have agreed to increase workers' pay by 25% over a four-year contract. Ford said recently that the stoppage cost it $1.3bn in operating earnings, GM reckoned it was losing $200m a week, and Stellantis said it lost $3.2bn in revenue.
美国汽车工人工会在与福特、通用汽车和斯泰兰蒂斯（菲亚特-克莱斯勒的母公司）达成工资协议后结束了为期六周的罢工。底特律的三家汽车制造商都同意在四年合同期内提高工人工资25%。福特最近表示停工让其运营收益损失了13亿美元，通用估计每周亏损2亿美元，斯泰兰蒂斯表示损失了32亿美元的收入。
Meanwhile GM's self-driving car business, Cruise, decided to halt all its robotaxi operations after California suspended the service in the state because of safety concerns. Cruise's other markets include Dallas, Houston, Miami and Phoenix.
与此同时，通用汽车的自动驾驶汽车业务Cruise决定在加利福尼亚州因安全问题而暂停其所有机器人出租车服务。Cruise的其他市场包括达拉斯、休斯顿、迈阿密和凤凰城。
Panasonic reduced the profit outlook for its electric-car battery business, blaming a slowdown in demand for some Tesla models. Panasonic has made a big bet on making batteries for Evs and operates a factory with Tesla in Nevada. Tesla's share price has fallen sharply in recent weeks, as investors fret that it will sell fewer cars in the future.
松下降低了其电动汽车电池业务的利润预期，原因是对特斯拉某些型号需求的减缓。松下已经在制造电动汽车电池方面做出了重大投资，并与特斯拉在内华达州合作运营工厂。最近几周，特斯拉的股价大幅下跌，因为投资者担心它未来将销售更少的汽车。
Wework is reportedly preparing to file for bankruptcy protection. The office-sharing company is mired in debt and is now worth just tens of mil lions of dollars, a far cry from its valuation of $47bn in January 2019, when exuberance about its prospects peaked.
据报道，WeWork正准备申请破产保护。这家共享办公公司深陷债务泥潭，现在市值仅为数百万美元，远远低于2019年1月的470亿美元估值，当时对其前景充满热情。
Big oil companies reported bumper quarterly earnings. BP's headline profit came in at $4.9bn for the third quarter, Chevron made $6.5bn in net income, ExxonMobil $9.1 and Shell $5.8bn. Those were all higher than in the previous quarter, and largely reflect rising oil prices from July to September.
大型石油公司报告了丰厚的季度收益。英国石油公司（BP）的季度利润达到49亿美元，雪佛龙净利润65亿美元，埃克森美孚91亿美元，壳牌58亿美元。这些利润都高于上个季度，主要反映了7月至9月间油价上涨。
Orsted, based in Denmark and the world's largest developer of offshore wind power, announced that it was with drawing from two projects off the coast of New Jersey, citing "adverse impacts" relating to supply chains and increased interest rates. The company is writing down $4bn in impairments. The industry has been hit by a storm of problems. General Electric said recently it expects its wind division to lose $2bn over two years.
总部位于丹麦的福斯特公司是全球最大的海上风电开发商，宣布退出新泽西海岸的两个项目，理由是与供应链和利率上升相关的“不利影响”。该公司计提了40亿美元的减值损失。该行业遭遇了一系列问题的风暴。通用电气最近表示预计其风电部门在两年内将亏损20亿美元。
Britain hosted the first global artificial-intelligence summit at Bletchley Park, the base for Alan Turing's band of codebreakers during the second world war. Attendees included Kamala Harris, the American vice-president; Wu Zhaohui, China's vice-minister of science and technology; and Elon Musk, the boss of Tesla. The conference aimed to hammer out a set of international rules for the safe and responsible development of AI.
英国在布莱切利园举办了首次全球人工智能峰会，这是艾伦·图灵的密码破译团队在第二次世界大战期间的基地。与会者包括美国副总统卡马拉·哈里斯、中国科技部副部长吴兆辉和特斯拉总裁埃隆·马斯克。会议旨在制定一套国际规则，以确保人工智能的安全和负责任的发展。
X, formerly Twitter, is now worth $19bn, according to internal memos reported in the press. Elon Musk paid $44bn for the company when he bought it last year. He has struggled to turn the platform into an "everything app". Ever the optimist, in March Mr Musk told staff that he saw "a clear, but difficult, path" to achieving a valuation of at least $250bn.
根据媒体报道的内部备忘录，曾经的Twitter，现在被称为X，价值190亿美元。埃隆·马斯克去年以440亿美元的价格购买了该公司。他一直在努力将这个平台打造成一个“全能应用”。作为一位永远的乐观主义者，在今年三月，马斯克告诉员工，他看到了“一个明确但困难的道路”，可以实现至少2500亿美元的估值。
